The Micro Lisa: Incredible 'molecular painting' of masterpiece that is three times ... - Daily Mail

The tiny picture is 'painted' on a substrate that is just 30 microns in width using tiny chemical reactions
American scientists controlled the number of new molecules created - the greater the heat, the darker the shade of grey
Researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology believe 'Mini Lisa' demonstrates a technique that could be used in nanomanufacturing

PUBLISHED: 05:00 EST, 6 August 2013 | UPDATED: 05:01 EST, 6 August 2013

American scientists have recreated the world's most famous painting on the world's smallest canvas, which measures just 30 microns in width.

The Mona Lisa, originally painted by Leonardo da Vinci, has now been 'painted' on a substrate measuring one third of the width of a human hair, using tiny chemical reactions.

The scientists believe 'Micro Lisa' demonstrates a technique that could potentially be used to achieve nanomanufacturing of devices as they were able to vary the surface concentration of molecules on such short-length scales.

Georgia Tech researchers have created the 'Mini Lisa' on a substrate surface approximately 30 microns in width

Researchers from the Georgia Institute of Technology have created the 'Mini Lisa' on a substrate surface approximately 30 microns in width. The image demonstrates a technique that could potentially be used to achieve nano-manufacturing of devices

The Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci, which is the best known and most parodied painting in the world

The famous image was re-created with an atomic force microscope and a process called ThermoChemical NanoLithography (TCNL).

Going pixel by pixel, scientists at the Georgia Institute of Technology positioned a heated cantilever at the substrate surface to create a series of confined nanoscale chemical reactions.

By varying only the heat at each location, PhD Candidate Keith Carroll controlled the number of new molecules that were created - the greater the heat, the greater the local concentration.

More heat produced the lighter shades of grey, as seen on the Mini Lisa's forehead and hands.

Less heat produced the darker shades in her dress and hair, which can be seen when the molecular canvas is visualised using fluorescent dye. Each pixel is spaced by 125 nanometers.

Jennifer Curtis, an associate professor in the School of Physics and lead author of the study that was published in journal Langmuir, said: 'By tuning the temperature, our team manipulated chemical reactions to yield variations in the molecular concentrations on the nanoscale.

'The spatial confinement of these reactions provides the precision required to generate complex chemical images like the Mini Lisa.'

The famous image was re-created with an atomic force microscope (pictured) and a process called ThermoChemical NanoLithography (TCNL). Going pixel by pixel, scientists positioned a heated cantilever at the substrate surface to create a series of confined nanoscale chemical reactions

Production of chemical concentration gradients and variations on the sub-micrometre scale are difficult to achieve with other techniques.

The scientists produced chemical gradients of amine groups, but expect the process could be extended for use with other materials.

Professor Curtis said: "We envision TCNL will be capable of patterning gradients of other physical or chemical properties, such as conductivity of graphene.

Professor Curtis (pictured) said technique should enable a wide range of previously inaccessible experiments and applications in fields as diverse as nanoelectronics, optoelectronics and bioengineering

'This technique should enable a wide range of previously inaccessible experiments and applications in fields as diverse as nanoelectronics, optoelectronics and bioengineering.'

She said another advantage is that atomic force microscopes are fairly common and the thermal control is relatively straightforward, making the approach accessible to both academic and industrial laboratories.

To facilitate their vision of nano-manufacturing devices with TCNL, the Georgia Tech team has recently integrated nanoarrays of five thermal cantilevers to accelerate the pace of production.

Because the technique provides high spatial resolutions at a speed faster than other existing methods, even with a single cantilever, Professor Curtis is hopeful that TCNL will provide the option of nanoscale printing integrated with the fabrication of large quantities of surfaces and everyday materials, whose dimensions are more than one billion times larger than the TCNL features themselves.

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Tuesday, 6 August 2013